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Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
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The Language of Empathy: An Analysis of Its Constitution, Development, and Role in Psychoanalytic Listening

Anna Aragno

140–142 West End Avenue, #23C New York, NY 10023, Annaragno{at}earthlink.net

Viewed from an epistemological perspective, empathy in psychoanalytic practice is described as that aspect of a specialized attentional stance that opens channels of interaction facilitating the formation of a trusting bond and enabling one to gain access to the emotional qualities of another's experience. A literature overview traces the origins of the concept in Freud and its role in psychoanalytic listening (including its controversial, divisive evolution in our field). Empathy is then examined from a semiotic-developmental framework. Its constitutional origins, differentiated forms, and distinctive purpose in clinical discourse are discussed. A developmental line is proposed, and clear distinctions are drawn between empathy in everyday life and its specialized technical application in clinical work.

Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, Vol. 56, No. 3, 713-740 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0003065108322097
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